In recent years, the global automotive industry has been experiencing a dramatic shift towards more sustainable and environmentally friendly transportation solutions. Electric vehicles (EVs) and hydrogen-powered cars have emerged as promising alternatives to traditional internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles.
However, while these technologies are gaining traction in many parts of the world, they face significant challenges in Malaysia, a country known for its unique set of circumstances. In this article, we will explore why EVs and hydrogen cars may face an uphill battle in Malaysia.
One of the most significant challenges facing the adoption of EVs and hydrogen cars in Malaysia is the lack of necessary infrastructure. To function effectively, EVs require a robust network of charging stations, while hydrogen cars need readily available refuelling stations. Unfortunately, Malaysia falls behind many other countries in this regard.
The charging infrastructure for EVs in Malaysia is still in its infancy, with a limited number of charging stations primarily located in urban areas. This lack of coverage makes it difficult for Malaysians in rural areas or those with limited access to off-street parking to consider EVs as a viable option.
Hydrogen refuelling infrastructure is even scarcer, with only a handful of experimental stations in the country. Developing a comprehensive network of hydrogen refuelling stations would require significant investment and time, making it a major obstacle for hydrogen car adoption.
Another significant barrier to the widespread adoption of EVs and hydrogen cars in Malaysia is their high initial costs. While these vehicles offer long-term savings in terms of fuel and maintenance, the upfront purchase price remains a significant deterrent for many consumers. EVs are often more expensive than their ICE counterparts, primarily due to the cost of batteries.
In a price-sensitive market like Malaysia, where affordability is a critical consideration for car buyers, this poses a substantial challenge. Government incentives and subsidies are essential to make EVs more accessible to a wider range of consumers, but such measures are still limited in Malaysia.
Hydrogen cars, on the other hand, are even more expensive than most EVs due to the complex technology involved in producing, storing, and transporting hydrogen. As a result, these vehicles are out of reach for the average Malaysian consumer.
Range anxiety, the fear of running out of battery or hydrogen fuel before reaching a charging or refuelling station, is a real concern for potential EV and hydrogen car buyers. Malaysia’s unique geography, with its extensive road networks and diverse terrains, amplifies this concern. Malaysia’s long distances between cities and towns mean that EVs must have a sufficiently long driving range to be practical for intercity travel.
While advancements in battery technology have extended EV ranges, many potential buyers remain sceptical about the ability of EVs to meet their travel needs, especially for those living in remote areas. Hydrogen cars face similar challenges, as refuelling stations are currently concentrated in urban areas, leaving drivers worried about long journeys.
The success of EVs and hydrogen cars depends heavily on the source and production of energy. Malaysia’s energy landscape presents several challenges in this regard. Most of Malaysia’s electricity is generated from fossil fuels, particularly natural gas and coal. While the government has been working to increase the share of renewable energy sources, it remains a small fraction of the total energy mix.
Consequently, the environmental benefits of EVs are diminished when they rely on electricity generated from fossil fuels. Hydrogen production also poses challenges in Malaysia. The conventional method of hydrogen production is through a process called steam methane reforming, which relies on natural gas. This raises concerns about the sustainability and environmental impact of hydrogen production in a country with limited domestic hydrogen production capacity.
The variety and availability of EV and hydrogen car models in the Malaysian market remain limited. Unlike countries with robust EV markets like the United States or China, Malaysian consumers have fewer options to choose from, further limiting their choices when considering these alternative vehicles.
Additionally, many popular EV models available in other markets may not be readily available in Malaysia due to import restrictions, further reducing the appeal of EVs to potential buyers.
Perhaps one of the most significant barriers to the adoption of EVs and hydrogen cars in Malaysia is the existing consumer mindset and lack of awareness. Many Malaysians remain unfamiliar with the technology, its benefits, and the available incentives.
Educational campaigns and outreach efforts are crucial to dispel myths and misconceptions about EVs and hydrogen cars. Malaysia needs to invest in public awareness initiatives to promote these vehicles’ environmental benefits, cost savings, and long-term advantages.
Lastly, the success of EVs and hydrogen cars in Malaysia heavily relies on comprehensive government policies and support. While Malaysia has made some efforts to encourage the adoption of green vehicles, such as offering tax exemptions for EVs and hybrid vehicles, more comprehensive and targeted policies are needed.
To overcome the barriers discussed above, the Malaysian government must take a more proactive role in promoting these technologies. This includes developing a strategic plan for charging and refuelling infrastructure, providing substantial incentives for consumers to choose EVs and hydrogen cars, and investing in research and development to support local manufacturing of these vehicles.
In conclusion, while electric and hydrogen cars represent a promising future for sustainable transportation worldwide, their widespread adoption in Malaysia faces numerous challenges. From inadequate charging and refuelling infrastructure to high initial costs and range anxiety, these obstacles must be addressed for these technologies to thrive in the Malaysian market.
Moreover, government support, consumer education, and a shift in mindset are crucial factors in making these environmentally friendly vehicles a practical choice for Malaysians. Overcoming these challenges will require a collaborative effort from both the public and private sectors to pave the way for a greener automotive future in Malaysia.
Ts. Dr. Hj. Muhammad Khusairy Bin Capt. Hj. Bakri is a Postdoctoral Research Associate at Composite Materials and Engineering Center, Washington State University (WSU), a Faculty-Staff member for the Center of Bioplastics and Biocomposites (CB2) for North Dakota State University, United States of America, and a Lead Research and Development Sector of the Association of Professional Technicians and Technologists (APTT) Sarawak, Listed and indexed in the “Science and Research” category on the Fifth Edition of “Successful People in Malaysia” by Britishpedia as a successful young researcher in Malaysia published by British Publishing House Ltd., working on composite materials from the forest and industry products.
This is the personal opinion of the author and does not necessarily represent the views of DayakDaily. Letters to the Editor may be edited for brevity and clarity.
